Dissertation Topics in Islamic Finance

 

Selection of a dissertation topic is complicated and time consuming task. In fact, it is the most important activity in dissertation writing. The students in Islamic Finance field should go for a dissertation topic that interests them and that has enough research-able material associated to it. The Islamic Finance students are not encourage to select a topic or area in which no researcher has done as they will have to face the problem in terms of information collection.

The selection of dissertation topic is not an imaginative activity. The student start the topic selection keeping their interest area and available information to them. The topic selection should happen on random basis as it will lead to problems in collecting information in that area.

The Islamic Finance students should spend time in researching journal, books, articles, news papers, essays, web and other written materials for information search in their chosen areas. There are lot of research articles, book and websites on Islamic finance field. The web can used by the students as main source of information as it have most of the libraries and periodicals or at least they have abstract of the research done. The students have to select several dissertation topics in their research area out of them, they will have to look for best suitable topic based on interest and selection criteria. The dissertation should be current and contemporary which will make the reader interested and find no problems in understanding the context.

Dissertation proposals – Doctoral Level and master level

These are dissertation or thesis proposal. Researcher are free to develop based on these themes. These proposal includes the marketing, information technology , strategic management, human resource management and contemporary thoughts.

The author expects contribution from the researchers and students for preparation of dissertation or thesis topic selection( These just sample can be modified as per user requirements)

Topics

Internalization of Islamic banks

Performance Islamic bank and conventional bank in a selected country

Cross boarder mergers and acquisition of Islamic banks

Do mergers or acquisition will affect the efficiency of Islamic banks

Risk management in Islamic banks

Islamic bank and corporate social responsibility

Islamic banks entry – from a country perspective

Investigating the Customer Relationship Management in Islamic banks – (case can be taken from any bank or country perspective)

Investigating the customer loyalty in Islamic banks

Developing a model for customer loyalty in Islamic banks

Islamic banking and poverty alleviation

Measuring the productivity of Islamic banking

Development or establishment of issues of Islamic banking – in particular country or region

Islamic banking and knowledge management

Islamic finance system and economical growth

Customer loyalty for Islamic banks

Islamic Banks performance in industrial lending

Islamic mortgage system as a solution for current credit crises

Investigating the CRM activities in Islamic Banks

Switching behavior of Conventional banks to Islamic Banks – An international perspective

Brand management of Islamic Financial institutions

Knowledge Management in Islamic banks

Customer perception of Islamic banking windows in Conventional Banks

Islamic Banking in (country) – Development, perspectives and evolution

Islamic banks in poverty alleviations

Skill gap and recruitment gap for islamic financial institution

Identifying the competitive strategy of Islamic banks : a comparison with conventional banks

Influence of religious boards or sharia councils in Islamic banks

Consumer behavior for Islamic credit cards

Corporate Social Responsibility of Islamic Banks

Economical functions of Islamic Financial Market

Measuring the performance of Islamic Banks

How Islamic financial markets works

Fiscal policy Islamic economy

Inflation in Islamic economy

How Islamic economy can reduce the inflation

Contribution of Islamic economy in infrastructure development of developing country

How the choices made by human race in Islamic economic system with scare resources

Is resource scare in Islamic Economy?

Opportunity cost from Islamic Economics perspectives

Reducing the effects of climate change

Development of SME in Islamic based economies

Islamic economy and Adams Smith a comparative study

Labor migration in Islamic economy

Unemployment and Islamic economic system

How Islamic economic system can reduce the unemployment

Solution for unemployment under the Islamic economy

Poverty alleviation in Islamic economy

Islamic economic model as solution for global economic crises

International trade under Islamic economic model

Foreign exchange depreciation and appreciation in Islamic economic model

Micro finance in Islamic economy

How Market equilibrium decided in Islamic economy

Comparative analysis of socio-economic development of Islamic economy and socialist economy

Comparative analysis of socio-economic development of Islamic economy and capitalistic economy

How the Islamic economic models contribute to the productivity increase

Contribution of Islamic economy for financial stability and macro economic gains

Capital mobility in Islamic economic system

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Pengertian Metode Penelitian Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif

Seperti halnya Model Pembelajaran, dalam penelitian pendidikan juga dikenal suatu model atau metode penelitin yang digunakan yaitu metode Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif. Metode Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif merupakan metode penelitian yang secara definisi maupun pelaksanaannya bertolak belakang. Pengertian dan perbedaan dari ke dua metode tersebut yaitu:

1.      Metode Penelitian Kualitatif

Adalah metode yang lebih menekankan pada aspek pemahaman secara mendalam terhadap suatu masalah daripada melihat permasalahan untuk penelitian generalisasi. Metode penelitian ini lebih suka menggunakan teknik analisis mendalam ( in-depth analysis ), yaitu mengkaji masalah secara kasus perkasus karena metodologi kulitatif yakin bahwa sifat suatu masalah satu akan berbeda dengan sifat dari masalah lainnya. Tujuan dari metodologi ini bukan suatu generalisasi tetapi pemahaman secara mendalam terhadap suatu masalah. Penelitian kualitatif berfungsi memberikan kategori substantif dan hipotesis penelitian kualitatif.

2.      Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif

Adalah metode yang lebih menekankan pada aspek pengukuran secara obyektif terhadap fenomena social. Untuk dapat melakukan pengukuran, setiap fenomena social di jabarkan kedalam beberapa komponen masalah, variable dan indicator. Setiap variable yang di tentukan di ukur dengan memberikan symbol – symbol angka yang berbeda – beda sesuai dengan kategori informasi yang berkaitan dengan variable tersebut. Dengan menggunakan symbol – symbol angka tersebut, teknik perhitungan secara kuantitatif matematik dapat di lakukan sehingga dapat menghasilkan suatu kesimpulan yang belaku umum di dalam suatu parameter. Tujuan utama dati metodologi ini ialah menjelaskan suatu masalah tetapi menghasilkan generalisasi. Generalisasi ialah suatu kenyataan kebenaran yang terjadi dalam suatu realitas tentang suatu masalah yang di perkirakan akan berlaku pada suatu populasi tertentu. Generalisasi dapat dihasilkan melalui suatu metode perkiraan atau metode estimasi yang umum berlaku didalam statistika induktif. Metode estimasi itu sendiri dilakukan berdasarkan pengukuran terhadap keadaan nyata yang lebih terbatas lingkupnya yang juga sering disebut “sample” dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Jadi, yang diukur dalam penelitian sebenarnya ialah bagian kecil dari populasi atau sering disebut “data”. Data ialah contoh nyata dari kenyataan yang dapat diprediksikan ke tingkat realitas dengan menggunakan metodologi kuantitatif tertentu. Penelitian kuantitatif mengadakan eksplorasi lebih lanjut serta menemukan fakta dan menguji teori-teori yang timbul.

Kepustakaan : Drs.Sumanto.M.A. , 1995 , Metodologi Penelitian Sosial Dan  Pendidikan , Yogyakarta : Andi Offset.


Source: http://zonainfosemua.blogspot.com/2011/01/pengertian-metode-penelitian-kualitatif.html

Money Laundering

 Prepared by : Syahril Siregar

The illegal business which made the money laundering often occurs in whole world, for examples : Narcotic business, criminal, corruption etc. The money laundering sometimes be legal for someone countries because the regulations not set yet, or still new experience in this country, and at worst another already know but cover up with make regulations that legalize it.

Traditionally the job of fighting crime has focused on solving crimes. However, since the 1990s, crime fighters have also sought to deter criminals by paying more attention to the confiscation of proceeds of crime. And more recently, with the introduction of unusual or suspicious transaction reporting by the regulated sector, often the flow of money or goods is investigated even before a criminal offense has been detected.

Why criminals need to launder money

A person who commits a crime will initially try to prevent their actions from being noticed by the tax department, police and/or law enforcement authorities. If the person is arrested or taxed on the proceeds of crime, they will try to avoid having the criminal proceeds traced back to their origin and avoid their confiscation.

When criminals want to spend the proceeds of their crime, they face a dilemma: how to spend or invest large sums of money without evidence of a legitimate source of income that could draw the attention of tax examiners or auditors. Alternatively, criminals’ ability to expend cash on the purchase and use of high value goods or investments may bring them to the attention of law enforcement authorities. The tax department can start a tax audit and issue a tax reassessment while law enforcement authorities can initiate a criminal investigation into the origin of the money.

In order to be able to spend money openly, criminals will seek to ensure that there is no direct link between the proceeds of their crime and the actual illegal activities. They may also seek to construct a plausible explanation for an apparent legal origin of the money that they possess. In this way, criminals seek to “launder” their proceeds of crime before spending or investing it in the legal economy.1

Why have to know ML ?

Actually if money laundering circulate in people society its make all business not work well, and make a new criminal, illegal & criminal business will make illegal and criminal business too. That's why all people society have to know what is the money laundering, particularly for government employee and legislative assembly. Its comprehension have to tell to students for early morning system.

What is Money Laundering ? 

Money laundering is the process of concealing the source of obtained money, as the processing of criminal proceeds to disguise their illegal origin in order to legitimise the ill-gotten gains of crime.

Money laundering source of fund it was from illegal & criminal activities for examples :
1. Fraud
2. Theft
3. Narcotic
4. Embbezzelement
5. Briberry
6. Corruption
5. Tax Crimes

Money laundering often occurs in three steps: first, cash is introduced into the financial system by some means ("placement"), the second involves carrying out complex financial transactions in order to camouflage the illegal source ("layering"), and the final step entails acquiring wealth generated from the transactions of the illicit funds ("integration"). Some of these steps may be omitted, depending on the circumstances; for example, non-cash proceeds that are already in the financial system would have no need for placement.

Material book :

Money Laundering Awareness
Handbook for Tax Examiners
and Tax Auditors

History Of Trade

The market place

Trade provides mankind's most significant meeting place, the market. In primitive societies only religious events - cult rituals, or rites of passage such as marriage - bring people together in a comparable way. But in these cases the participants are already linked, by custom or kinship.

The process of barter brings a crowd together in a more random fashion. New ideas, along with precious artefacts, have always travelled along trade routes. And the natural week, the shared rhythm of a community, has frequently been the space between market days.
 
Agricultural produce and everyday household goods tend to make short journeys to and from a local market. Trade in a grander sense, between distant places, is a different matter. It involves entrepreneurs and middlemen, people willing to accept delay and risk in the hope of a large profit. The archive found at Ebla gives a glimpse of an early trading city, from the middle of the third millennium BC.

When travel is slow and dangerous, the trader's commodities must be as nearly as possible imperishable; and they must be valuable in relation to their size. Spices fit the bill. So do rich textiles. And, above all, precious ornaments of silver and gold, or useful items in copper, bronze or iron.
 
As the most valuable of commodities (in addition to being compact and easily portable), metals are a great incentive to trade. The extensive deposits of copper on Cyprus bring the island much wealth from about 3000 BC (Cyprus, in Latin, gives copper its name - cyprium corrupted to cuprum).

Later, when the much scarcer commodity of tin is required to make bronze, even distant Cornwall becomes - by the first millennium BC - a major supplier of the needs of Bronze Age Europe.
 

What Is Trade ?

What is Trade? Meaning and Nature

Trade refers to buying and selling of goods and services for money or money's worth. It involves transfer or exchange of goods and services for money or money's worth. The manufacturers or producer produces the goods, then moves on to the wholesaler, then to retailer and finally to the ultimate consumer.

Image Credits © Sophie Atkinson.

Trade is essential for satisfaction of human wants, Trade is conducted not only for the sake of earning profit; it also provides service to the consumers. Trade is an important social activity because the society needs uninterrupted supply of goods forever increasing and ever changing but never ending human wants. Trade has taken birth with the beginning of human life and shall continue as long as human life exists on the earth. It enhances the standard of living of consumers. Thus we can say that trade is a very important social activity.

What is Islamic Banking?

Islamic banking refers to a system of banking or banking activity that is consistent with the principles of the Shari'ah (Islamic rulings) and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics. The principles which emphasise moral and ethical values in all dealings have wide universal appeal. Shari'ah prohibits the payment or acceptance of interest charges (riba) for the lending and accepting of money, as well as carrying out trade and other activities that provide goods or services considered contrary to its principles. While these principles were used as the basis for a flourishing economy in earlier times, it is only in the late 20th century that a number of Islamic banks were formed to provide an alternative basis to Muslims although Islamic banking is not restricted to Muslims.

Islamic banking has the same purpose as conventional banking except that it operates in accordance with the rules of Shari’ah, known as Fiqh al-Muamalat (Islamic rules on transactions). Islamic banking activities must be practiced consistent with the Shari’ah and its practical application through the development of Islamic economics. Many of these principles upon which Islamic banking is based are commonly accepted all over the world, for centuries rather than decades. These principles are not new but arguably, their original state has been altered over the centuries.

The principle source of the Shari’ah is The Qur’an followed by the recorded sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) – the Hadith. Where solutions to problems cannot be found in these two sources, rulings are made based on the consensus of a community leaned scholars, independent reasoning of an Islamic scholar and custom, so long as such rulings to not deviate from the fundamental teachings in The Qur’an.

It is evident that Islamic finance was practiced predominantly in the Muslim world throughout the Middle Ages, fostering trade and business activities. In Spain and the Mediterranean and Baltic States, Islamic merchants became indispensable middlemen for trading activities. It is claimed that many concepts, techniques, and instruments of Islamic finance were later adopted by European financiers and businessmen.

The revival of Islamic banking coincided with the world-wide celebration of the advent of the 15th Century of Islamic calendar (Hijra) in 1976. At the same time financial resources of Muslims particularly those of the oil producing countries, received a boost due to rationalisation of the oil prices, which had hitherto been under the control of foreign oil Corporations. These events led Muslims' to strive to model their lives in accordance with the ethics and principles of Islam.

Disenchantment with the value neutral capitalist and socialist financial systems led not only Muslims but also others to look for ethical values in their financial dealings and in the West some financial organisations have opted for ethical operations.

The Islamic Financial System

The Islamic Financial System
(copy from http://www.islamic-banking.com/islamic_banking.aspx)

While elimination of "Riba" or interest in all its forms is an important feature of the Islamic financial system, Islamic banking is much more. At the heart of Islam is a sense of cooperation, to help one another according to principles of goodness and piety (but not to cooperate in evil or malice). In essence, it aims to eliminate exploitation and to establish a just society by the application of the Shari'ah or Islamic rulings to the operations of banks and other financial institutions. To ensure compliance to the Shari'ah, Islamic banks use the services of religious boards comprised of Shari'ah scholars.

Islamic finance may be viewed as a form of ethical investing, or ethical lending, except that no loans are possible unless they are interest-free. Among the ethical restrictions is the prohibition on alcohol and gambling and the consumption of pork. Islamic funds would never knowingly invest in companies involved in gambling, alcoholic beverages, or porcine food products

Its practitioners and clients need not be Muslim, but they must accept the ethical restrictions underscored by Islamic values.

 

 

The Concepts

Islamic economic principles offers a balance between extreme capitalism and communism. It offers the individual the freedom to produce and create wealth, while surrounding the individual with an environment controlled, not by human rulers, but by Divine Guidance, which sets moral rules and norms of behaviour that must require the utmost sincerity of intention. When these rules and norms are internalised and acted upon by people, peace and prosperity result for the wider society.

The Qur'an (2:30) says that man was created as the representative of God on earth. This concept has a considerable effect on Islamic business, since the lack of a sense of absolute ownership promotes a sense working for society, especially the needy.

This is not some philosophical concept, removed from the daily life of the society. It manifests itself in all the different aspects of lives. What makes the trader, banker, agriculturist or research and development scientist perform his job to the best of his ability? In capitalist economies, it is the notion of competition. This involves the necessity to constantly produce more new things for profit to keep up with others and this makes for wastage and often generates unbridled greed. But in an economy based on Islamic principles, the idea of man representing God on earth gives businessmen a feeling of co-operating with others for the good of society as a whole, including himself. Thus Quranic guidance enables man to conserve and use prudently all the resources of the earth that God has given mankind.

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